Article Source: Netease
       
Medical resources have four important components: doctors, hospitals (facilities and equipment), medicines, and inspections (instruments). Among them, doctors are the core medical resources. There are two levels of administrative monopoly of medical resources in China, which is the root cause of a series of serious problems in the field of medical and health care, and also the bottleneck hindering the further deepening of medical reform.
The administrative form of medical resources
The first level of administrative monopoly is that the government administration directly controls 2/3 of the more than 20,000 hospitals (about 14,000 hospitals). Because these public hospitals are larger than private hospitals, the government administration directly controls 90% of the country's hospital beds (about three million beds). Today, after more than 30 years of reform, in addition to the energy, communications and other industries that are completely monopolized by government administration, medical care has become the industry with the most serious administrative monopoly. General hospitals and tertiary hospitals are basically all subordinate to government administrative departments, and private hospitals have almost no place to intervene.
The second level of administrative monopoly is that the hospital controls all important medical resources, thus bundling the four important medical resources of hospital, doctor, medicine and examination together, and belonging to one owner. In most countries, however, hospitals, doctors, medicines and tests are largely owned by different owners: most doctors (especially general practitioners) are free practitioners rather than hospital employees; medicines used outside of hospital treatment are controlled by pharmacies independent of hospitals; and large examination equipment is controlled by independent laboratory testing centres.
Combining the above two levels of administrative monopoly, we can see that the government administrative department indirectly controls all important medical resources by directly controlling hospitals, thus weaving a network of administrative monopoly of medical resources, and it is also a network of interests that are inextricably intertwined. Almost all the problems in the field of medical and health care in our country can be traced back to this administrative monopoly network and interest network, which has firmly blocked the access to medical reform "!

The government administration also realizes the administrative monopoly of medical resources through seven tools or seven ropes: access, planning, preparation, rating, scientific research, pricing, and medical insurance. Although any country controls the market access of medical resources in a certain way, in our country, this market access is carried out entirely through the administrative monopoly of the government, which is concentrated in the control of doctors' practice. In almost all countries, doctors are free to practice medicine as long as they are qualified to practice medicine. In our country, the independent practice of doctors is still a dream. The vast majority of doctors can only become employees of hospitals and become employees of public institutions before they can practice medicine. Clinics are the basic way doctors practice medicine in most countries, and doctor clinics are still a scarce species in our country.